Major Sites of Indus Valley Civilization
Q. In which State of India is the Harappan CIvilization site Mandi situated?
(a) Haryana
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Gujarat
ans. b
- Mandi is a village in the Muzaffarnagar district of Uttar Pradesh, India.
- It is located about 200 km northeast of Delhi.
- It is notable for the discovery and looting of an ancient treasure trove by villagers in June 2000.
- The treasure is believed to have been from the Indus Valley Civilisation period.
- It is known as “Mandi treasure” or “Mandy hoard”.
Q. Which of the following Harappan sites are located in the Kutch region?
(a)Desalpar and Surkotada
(b)Rangpur and Rajadi
(c)Allabadino and Balekat
(d)Lothal and Sukotada
ans. a
- Desalpar is a massive fortified Harappan site located in Nakhtrana Taluka in the Kutch District of Gujarat. The site was excavated by the Archaeological Survey of India in 1963. The findings of the excavation include pottery and three script-bearing seals. Among these three, one was of steatite, one of copper and one of terracotta.
- Surkotada is located in Rapar Taluka of Kutch district in Gujarat. The site was excavated in 1964. The excavation findings include remains of horses which is of prime importance. Even though it is widely believed that horses were unknown to the people of the Indus Valley Civilisation, the findings gave rise to much new-found ambiguity.
- Rangpur is a Harappan site lying on the tip between the Gulf of Khambhat and the Gulf of Kutch. After excavations, a seaport was discovered at Rangpur.
- Rojidi is located on the northern bank of the Bhadar River in Gondal taluka of Rajkot district in central Saurashtra peninsula of Gujarat. Mostly Harappan pottery was found in this area.
- Balekat is a town in Mansehra District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Terracotta remains and terracotta figurines from distant points in the high altitudes around the area.
- Lothal is located in the Bhal region of Gujarat. Findings include bead making factory, a dockyard, button seal, fire altars, painted jar and earliest cultivation of rice.
Major Sites of Indus Valley Civilization
Year | Site | Location | Excavated by | Major findings |
1921 | Harappa | Sahiwal District, Punjab in the banks of Ravi | Daya Ram Sahni |
|
1922 | Mohenjo-Daro | Larkana District Of Sind on the bank of Indus | R. D Banerjee |
|
1929 | Sutkagendor | Baluchistan on Dast river | Stein |
|
1931 | Chanhudaro | Mullan Sandha, Sind on the Indus river | N G Majumdar |
Note: It is the only city without a citadel |
1935 | Amri | Close to Balochistan, on the bank of Indus river | N G Majumdar |
|
1953 | Kalibangan | Hanumangarh District, Rajasthan on the bank of Ghaggar river | Amlanand Ghose |
|
1953 | Lothal | Gujarat on Bhogva river near the Gulf ofCambay | R. Rao |
|
1964 | Surkotada | Gujarat | J P Joshi |
|
1974 | Banawali | Fatehabad district of Haryana | R S Bisht |
|
1985 | Dholavira | Gujarat in Rann of Kutchchh | R S Bisht |
|
Note: There over fourteen hundred Harappan sites have been discovered. Around nine hundred of them are in India and four hundred in Pakistan. About forty sites are located on the river Indus and its tributaries and around 1,100 sites are located on the plains between rivers Ganges and Indus.