Major Sites of Indus Valley Civilization

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Q. In which State of India is the Harappan CIvilization site Mandi situated?

(a) Haryana

(b) Uttar Pradesh

(d) Gujarat

ans. b

Mandi is a village in the Muzaffarnagar district of Uttar Pradesh, India.
It is located about 200 km northeast of Delhi.
It is notable for the discovery and looting of an ancient treasure trove by villagers in June 2000.
The treasure is believed to have been from the Indus Valley Civilisation period.
It is known as “Mandi treasure” or “Mandy hoard”.

Q. Which of the following Harappan sites are located in the Kutch region?
(a)Desalpar and Surkotada
(b)Rangpur and Rajadi
(c)Allabadino and Balekat
(d)Lothal and Sukotada

ans. a

Desalpar is a massive fortified Harappan site located in Nakhtrana Taluka in the Kutch District of Gujarat. The site was excavated by the Archaeological Survey of India in 1963. The findings of the excavation include pottery and three script-bearing seals. Among these three, one was of steatite, one of copper and one of terracotta.
Surkotada is located in Rapar Taluka of Kutch district in Gujarat. The site was excavated in 1964. The excavation findings include remains of horses which is of prime importance. Even though it is widely believed that horses were unknown to the people of the Indus Valley Civilisation, the findings gave rise to much new-found ambiguity.
Rangpur is a Harappan site lying on the tip between the Gulf of Khambhat and the Gulf of Kutch. After excavations, a seaport was discovered at Rangpur.
Rojidi is located on the northern bank of the Bhadar River in Gondal taluka of Rajkot district in central Saurashtra peninsula of Gujarat. Mostly Harappan pottery was found in this area.
Balekat is a town in Mansehra District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Terracotta remains and terracotta figurines from distant points in the high altitudes around the area.
Lothal is located in the Bhal region of Gujarat. Findings include bead making factory, a dockyard, button seal, fire altars, painted jar and earliest cultivation of rice.

Major Sites of Indus Valley Civilization

Year	Site	Location	Excavated by	Major findings
1921	Harappa	Sahiwal District, Punjab in the banks of Ravi	Daya Ram Sahni	Piece of Pottery with Indus Script Cubical Limestone Weight Faience Slag Sandstone statues of Human anatomy Copper Bullock cart Granaries Coffin burials (Only founded in Harrapa) Terracotta Figurines
1922	Mohenjo-Daro	Larkana District Of Sind on the bank of Indus	R. D Banerjee	Great bath Granary Unicorn Seals (Most numbers of it in here) Bronze dancing girl statue Seal of a man with deers, elephants, tiger and rhinos around- Considered to be Pashupati Seal) Steatite statue of beard man Bronze buffalo
1929	Sutkagendor	Baluchistan on Dast river	Stein	Trade point between Harappa and Babylon Flint Blades Stone Vessels Stone Arrowheads Shell Beads Pottery Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC) associated Copper-Bronze Disc
1931	Chanhudaro	Mullan Sandha, Sind on the Indus river	N G Majumdar	Bangle Factory InkPot Bead makers shop The footprint of a dog chasing a cat Cart with a seated driver Note: It is the only city without a citadel
1935	Amri	Close to Balochistan, on the bank of Indus river	N G Majumdar	Antelope evidence Rhinoceros’ evidence
1953	Kalibangan	Hanumangarh District, Rajasthan on the bank of Ghaggar river	Amlanand Ghose	Lower fortified town Wooden drainage Copper Ox Evidence of earthquake Wooden plough Camel’s bone Fire alters Camel’s bones Furrowed land
1953	Lothal	Gujarat on Bhogva river near the Gulf ofCambay	R. Rao	Port Town Graveyard Ivory weight balance Copper dog First manmade port Dockyard Rice husk Fire alters Chess-playing
1964	Surkotada	Gujarat	J P Joshi	Bones of horses Beads Stone Covered Beads
1974	Banawali	Fatehabad district of Haryana	R S Bisht	Beads Barley Oval shaped settlement The only city with radial streets Toy plough The largest number of barley grains
1985	Dholavira	Gujarat in Rann of Kutchchh	R S Bisht	Exclusive water management Only site to be divided into three parts Giant water reservoir Unique water harnessing system Dams Embankments StadiumRock – Cut architecture

Note: There over fourteen hundred Harappan sites have been discovered. Around nine hundred of them are in India and four hundred in Pakistan. About forty sites are located on the river Indus and its tributaries and around 1,100 sites are located on the plains between rivers Ganges and Indus.

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