UPSC Coaching Near me
Union Public Service Commission
The Union Public Service Commission is a constitutional body of India that conducts direct recruitment of officers to the All India Services and the Central Civil Services through examinations and appoints officers in various Services under the Government of India.
UPSC Prelims Syllabus
The prelims examination has two papers, namely, General Science (GS) Paper & Civil Service Aptitude Test (CSAT). The Paper I is conducted to test the knowledge of the candidate in different topics of General Science including History, Polity, Geography, and others. The CSAT paper is undertaken to test the knowledge of the candidates in English comprehension, Logical Reasoning, and basic Mathematics.
Prelims General Studies I
| Current events of national and international importance. |
| History of India and the Indian National Movement |
| Indian and World Geography-Physical, Social, and Economic Geography of India and the World |
| Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc |
| Economic and Social Development-Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc |
| General issues on Environmental ecology, Biodiversity, and Climate Change – that do not require subject specialization |
| General Science |
Prelims General Studies I
It is worth noting that the UPSC has prioritized current affairs in the IAS syllabus for the prelims examination. This can be a component in determining the direction of the IAS preparation. Aspirants for the IAS should study all topics in light of current events of national and international relevance.
UPSC CSAT Syllabus (GS-II)
The CSAT paper of the UPSC preliminary examination is qualifying in nature, with students needing only 33% to pass the exam. In other words, the examination scores are not factored into the UPSC Prelims cutoff.
| Comprehension |
| Interpersonal skills including communication skills; |
| Logical reasoning and analytical ability; |
| Decision making and problem solving; |
| General mental ability; |
| Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations, orders of magnitude, etc.) (Class X level), Data interpretation (charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency etc. — Class X level). |
UPSC CSE Mains Syllabus
The UPSC Mains examination is the crucial stage of the whole UPSC CSE examination process. The examination is conducted to check the knowledge depth of the candidate in a variety of subjects and their constitutive topics.
The nature and level of questions in the General Studies papers shall be such that a well-educated individual will be able to answer them without needing to do any specialized study. The questions will be designed to assess a candidate’s broad knowledge of a number of areas relevant to a vocation in the Civil Services. The questions are likely to assess the candidate’s fundamental comprehension of all pertinent topics, as well as their capacity to analyze and weigh in on competing socio economic aims, objectives, and requirements. Candidates must provide answers that are relevant, insightful, and brief.
In general, the optional subject papers for the examination are of honors degree level, which is higher than the bachelor’s degree but lower than the master’s degree.
Language Paper in UPSC Mains
Civil Service Exam conducted by UPSC consists of 2 compulsory language papers which are only qualifying in nature. But every year it has been noticed that around 10% of the mains aspirants fail to clear the language paper despite a decent performance in General studies and optional. The worst part is a failure in language paper will lead to non-disclosure of your score in other papers. Hence it is advised not to be complacent with language papers even though their scores are not added to the final total.
The compulsory language papers in the civil service mains exam comprise of 2 papers:
1) English Language (300 marks)
2) Any Indian Language (300 marks)
Qualifying Marks for UPSC Language Paper
As per the UPSC 2020 notification, the minimum qualifying marks for both papers is 25% i.e. 75 marks in each paper. Scoring this minimum cut off is not that difficult given how simple the syllabus is. Let us have a look at the strategy to be adopted to tackle these 2 papers.
UPSC Compulsory English Paper
The objective of the paper is to test a candidate’s ability to read and understand serious descriptive prose and to express his ideas clearly and correctly. So, let’s understand the pattern of the English paper.
| Pattern of Question | Marks |
| 1. Short Essay | 100 |
| 2. Reading Comprehension | 75 |
| 3. Precis Writing | 75 |
| 4. Usage and Vocabulary | 50 |
Short Essay
UPSC gives 4 general topics out of which an aspirant is expected to pick one and answer. The intent of this essay is not to test a candidate’s in-depth knowledge regarding the topic chosen rather the objective is to test whether a candidate can express his thoughts, emotions and opinions in English at a basic level. The word limit for this essay is 600 words. So, a candidate need not prepare exclusively for this essay as the preparation done for GS and Essay paper is sufficient. Regular reading of the newspaper will help improve your language and your writing skills.
Structure your essay into 3 parts:
- Introduction
- Body
- Conclusion
This way your essay looks organised. Ensure that you brainstorm on the structure of the essay before you start writing.
Precis Writing
This constitutes the toughest part of the paper because compressing an essay of 1000 words into just 1/3rd without losing the very essence is a challenge indeed. Given the task at hand, the time required also goes up. So, the challenge is to efficiently compress the given passage within the stipulated time frame.
Read the given passage carefully and understand the core ideas involved. Then, prepare a rough draft which will contain all the crucial points. Later this can be made to fit into the boxes given. While filling up the boxes, be very judicious and try not to waste too many boxes for articles (a, an, the) and prepositions (on, at, in, on).
Note: Never deviate from the core idea in the given passage and be conscious of the time constraint.
Usage and Vocabulary
This section will contain various 1 markers. Questions range from –
- Correcting a sentence
- Supplying the missing words
- Using the correct form of verbs
- Writing Antonyms/Synonyms
- Rewriting the sentence as directed
- Making Sentences as directed
- Fill in the Blanks
- Making sentences using phrases
As you can see, these questions are very simple and the standard is of Matriculation or equivalent level. Try finishing these questions as quickly as possible since they are not time-consuming in nature.
Compulsory Indian Language Paper
The objective of UPSC is to test a candidate’s basic proficiency i.e. reading, writing and comprehending skills with regard to Indian languages as listed under the 8th schedule of our constitution. With this mind, let’s look at the pattern of the paper.
| Pattern of Question | Marks |
| 1. Short Essay | 100 |
| 2. Reading Comprehension | 60 |
| 3. Precis Writing | 60 |
| 4. Translation (2) | 40 |
| 5. Usage and Vocabulary | 40 |
Indian Languages and Scripts Allowed by UPSC for Civil Services Exam
For the Language medium/ literature of languages, the scripts to be used by the candidates will be as under:
| LANGUAGE | SCRIPT |
| 1. Assamese | Assamese |
| 2. Bengali | Bengali |
| 3. Gujarati | Gujarati |
| 4. Hindi | Devanagari |
| 5. Kannada | Kannada |
| 6. Kashmiri | Persian |
| 7. Konkani | Devanagari |
| 8. Malayalam | Malayalam |
| 9. Manipuri | Bengali |
| 10. Marathi | Devanagari |
| 11. Nepali | Devanagari |
| 12. Odiya | Odiya |
| 13. Punjabi | Gurumukhi |
| 14. Sanskrit | Devanagari |
| 15. Sindhi | Devanagari or Arabic |
| 16. Tamil | Tamil |
| 17. Telugu | Telugu |
| 18. Urdu | Persian |
| 19. Bodo | Devanagari |
| 20. Dogri | Devanagari |
| 21. Maithili | Devanagari |
| 22. Santhali | Devanagari or Olchiki |
Note: For Santhali language, the question paper will be printed in Devanagari script; but candidates will be free to answer either in Devanagari script or in Olchiki.
Note: Indian Language Compulsory Paper will not be compulsory for candidates hailing from the States of Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Sikkim.
In Indian Language paper, apart from translation and usage and vocabulary sections, the strategy for others is almost the same as that of the English paper.
UPSC Syllabus for Essay Paper
The IAS Essay paper assesses applicants’ thorough knowledge and grasp of various subjects. The paper will be divided into two sections, each with four questions. Candidates are supposed to attempt two questions, one from each section. The essay should be written in around 1000-1200 words.
Candidates are required to write essays on a range of topics in the IAS essay paper. They will be expected to stay on subject, arrange their thoughts in an orderly manner, and express clearly. Essay writing that is precise and accurate will be rewarded with a high score.
The syllabus for the UPSC Mains Essay Paper is not specified, and questions might be asked about current events, social issues, philosophy, and other topics.
General Studies Paper I
UPSC Mains General Studies Paper I contains topics that are static in nature. The paper includes questions from Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society.
| G e o g raphy | Salient features of the world’s physical geography. |
| Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian subcontinent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India). | |
| Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclones etc., geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes. | |
|
I N D I A N S O C I E T Y |
Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India. |
| Role of women and women’s organization, population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies. | |
| Effects of globalization on Indian society. | |
| Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism & secularism. |
| INDIAN C U L T U RE | Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times. |
| M O D E R N HISTORY | Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues. |
| The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country. | |
| POST-INDEPENDENCE | Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country. |
| W O R L D HISTORY | History of the world will include events from the 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society. |
General Studies Paper II
The IAS Mains General Studies Paper II constitutes dynamic questions from topics like Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice & International Relations.
| PO L I T Y | Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure. |
| Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein. | |
| Separation of powers between various organs dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions. | |
| Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries. | |
| Parliament and State legislatures—structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these. |
| P O L I T Y | Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and departments of the government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity. |
| Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act. | |
| Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies. | |
| Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies. |
| G O V E R N A N C E | Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. |
| Development processes and the development industry the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders | |
| Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections. |
| G O V E R N A N C E | Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources. |
| Issues relating to poverty and hunger. | |
| Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability, e-governance- applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential; citizens charters, transparency & accountability and institutional and other measures. | |
| Role of civil services in a democracy. |
| INTERNATIONAL R E L A T I O N S | India and its neighborhood- relations |
| Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Indian diaspora. |
General Studies Paper III
The IAS Mains General Studies Paper III includes questions from topics like Technology, Economic Development, Biodiversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management.
| A G R I C U L T U R E | Major crops-cropping patterns in various parts of the country, different types of irrigation and irrigation systems storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers |
| Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology missions; economics of animal-rearing | |
| Food processing and related industries in India- scope’ and significance, location, upstream and downstream requirements, supply chain management | |
| Land reforms in India |
| I N D I A N E C O N O M Y | Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment |
| Inclusive growth and issues arising from it | |
| Government Budgeting | |
| Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial growth. | |
| Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc. | |
| Investment models. |
| S C I E N C E AND TECHNOLOGY | Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology. |
| Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights. |
| E N V I R O N M E N T | Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment Disaster and disaster management. |
| I N T E R N A L S E C U R I T Y | Linkages between development and spread of extremism. |
| Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security. | |
| Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money-laundering and its prevention Security challenges and their management in border areas; linkages of organized crime with terrorism Various Security forces and agencies and their mandate. |
General Studies Paper IV
| ETHICS AND HUMAN INTERFACE | Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics in private and public relationships. |
| HUMAN VALUES | lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators; role of family, society and educational institutions in inculcating values |
| APTITUDE AND FOUNDATIONAL VALUES OF CIVIL SERVICES | Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service , integrity, impartiality and non-partisanship, objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and compassion towards the weakersections. |
| ATTITUDE | content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and behaviour; moral and political attitudes; social influence and persuasion. |
| EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE | Concepts, and their utilities and application in administration and governance. |
| Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration | Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration: Status and problems; ethical concerns and dilemmas in government and private institutions; laws, rules, regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance; accountability and ethical governance; strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance; ethical issues in international relations and funding; corporate governance. |
| PROBITY IN GOVERNANCE | Concept of public service; Philosophical basis of governance and probity; Information sharing and transparency in government, Right to Information, Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, Citizen’s Charters, Work culture, Quality of service delivery, Utilization of public funds, challenges of corruption. |
| LEADERS, REFORMERS & ADMINISTRATORS, CONTRIBUTION OF THINKERS | Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world |
PSIR Syllabus Paper-I
POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS – OPTIONAL
|
P o l i t i c a l T h e o r y a n d I n d i a n P o l i t i c s |
Political Theory: meaning and approaches. Theories of the State: Liberal, Neo-liberal, Marxist, Pluralist, Post-colonial and feminist. Justice: Conceptions of justice with special reference to Rawl’s theory of justice and its communitarian critiques. Equality: Social, political and economic; relationship between equality and freedom; Affirmative action. Rights: Meaning and theories; different kinds of rights; concept of Human Rights. Democracy: Classical and contemporary theories; different models of democracy representative, participatory and deliberative. Concept of power, hegemony, ideology and legitimacy. Political Ideologies: Liberalism, Socialism, Marxism, Fascism, Gandhism and Feminism. Indian Political Thought : Dharamshastra, Arthashastra and Buddhist traditions; Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Sri Aurobindo, M.K. Gandhi, B.R. Ambedkar, M.N. Roy . Western Political Thought: Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, John S. Mill, Marx, Gramsci, Hannah Arendt. |
| P o l i t i c a l
T h e o r y a n d I n d i a n P o l i t i c s |
Political Theory: meaning and approaches. Theories of the State: Liberal, Neo-liberal, Marxist, Pluralist, Post-colonial and feminist. Justice: Conceptions of justice with special reference to Rawl’s theory of justice and its communitarian critiques. Equality: Social, political and economic; relationship between equality and freedom; Affirmative action. Rights: Meaning and theories; different kinds of rights; concept of Human Rights. Democracy: Classical and contemporary theories; different models of democracy representative, participatory and deliberative. Concept of power, hegemony, ideology and legitimacy. Political Ideologies: Liberalism, Socialism, Marxism, Fascism, Gandhism and Feminism. Indian Political Thought : Dharamshastra, Arthashastra and Buddhist traditions; Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Sri Aurobindo, M.K. Gandhi, B.R. Ambedkar, M.N. Roy . Western Political Thought: Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, John S. Mill, Marx, Gramsci, Hannah Arendt. |
| I n d i a n G o v e r n m e n t and P o l i t i c s | Federalism: Constitutional provisions; changing nature of centre-state relations; integrationist tendencies and regional aspirations; inter-state disputes. Planning and Economic Development : Nehruvian and Gandhian perspectives; role of planning and public sector; Green Revolution, land reforms and agrarian relations; liberalilzation and economic reforms. Caste, Religion and Ethnicity in Indian Politics. Party System: National and regional political parties, ideological and social bases of parties; patterns of coalition politics; Pressure groups, trends in electoral behaviour; changing socio- economic profile of Legislators Social Movements: Civil liberties and human rights movements; women’s movements; environmentalist movements. |
PSIR Syllabus Paper-II
POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS – OPTIONAL
| C o m p a r a t i v e P o l i t i c s and I n t e r n a t i o n a l Relations | Comparative Politics: Nature and major approaches; political economy and political sociology perspectives; limitations of the comparative method. State in comparative perspective: Characteristics and changing nature of the State in capitalist and socialist economies, and, advanced industrial and developing societies. Politics of Representation and Participation: Political parties, pressure groups and social movements in advanced industrial and developing societies. Globalisation: Responses from developed and developing societies. Approaches to the Study of International Relations: Idealist, Realist, Marxist, Functionalist and Systems theory. Key concepts in International Relations: National interest, Security and power; Balance of power and deterrence; Transnational actors and collective security; World capitalist economy and globalisation. Changing International Political Order: (a) Rise of super powers; strategic and ideological Bipolarity, arms race and Cold War; nuclear threat; (b) Nonaligned movement: Aims and achievements; (c) Collapse of the Soviet Union; Unipolarity and American hegemony; relevance of non-alignment in the contemporary world. |
| C o m.
P o l and I R |
Evolution of the International Economic System: From Brettonwoods to WTO; Socialist economies and the CMEA (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance); Third World demand for new international economic order; Globalisation of the world economy. United Nations: Envisaged role and actual record; specialized UN agencies -aims and functioning; need for UN reforms. Regionalisation of World Politics: EU, ASEAN, APEC, SAARC, NAFTA. Contemporary Global Concerns: Democracy, human rights, environment, gender justice, terrorism, nuclear proliferation. |
| India and the World | Indian Foreign Policy: Determinants of foreign policy; institutions of policy- making; continuity and change. India’s Contribution to the Non-Alignment Movement: Different phases; current role. India and South Asia: (a) Regional Co-operation: SAARC – past performance and future prospects. (b) South Asia as a Free Trade Area. (c) India’s Look East policy. (d) Impediments to regional co-operation: river water disputes; illegal cross- border migration; ethnic conflicts and insurgencies; border disputes. |
| India and the World | India and the Global South: Relations with Africa and Latin America; leadership role in the demand for NIEO and WTO negotiations. India and the Global Centres of Power: USA, EU, Japan, China and Russia. India and the UN System: Role in UN Peace-keeping; demand for Permanent Seat in the Security Council. India and the Nuclear Question: Changing perceptions and policy. Recent developments in Indian Foreign policy: India’s position on the recent crises in Afghanistan, Iraq and West Asia, growing relations with US and Israel; vision of a new world order. |
History Syllabus Paper-I
History Optional
| A N C I E N T
I N D I A |
Sources: Archaeological sources:Exploration, excavation, epigraphy, numismatics, monuments Literary sources: Indigenous: Primary and secondary; poetry, scientific literature, literature, literature in regional languages, religious literature. Foreign accounts: Greek, Chinese and Arab writers. Pre-history and Proto-history: Geographical factors; hunting and gathering (paleolithic and mesolithic); Beginning of agriculture (neolithic and chalcolithic). Indus Valley Civilization: Origin, date, extent, characteristics, decline, survival and significance, art and architecture. Megalithic Cultures: Distribution of pastoral and farming cultures outside the Indus, Development of community life, Settlements, Development of agriculture, Crafts, Pottery, and Iron industry. Aryans and Vedic Period: Expansions of Aryans in India. Vedic Period: Religious and philosophic literature; Transformation from Rig Vedic period to the later Vedic period; Political, social and economical life; Significance of the Vedic Age; Evolution of Monarchy and Varna system. Period of Mahajanapadas: Formation of States (Mahajanapada): Republics and monarchies; Rise of urban centres; Trade routes; Economic growth; Introduction of coinage; Spread of Jainism and Buddhism; Rise of Magadha and Nandas. Iranian and Macedonian invasions and their impact. |
| A N C I E N T I N D I A | Mauryan Empire: Foundation of the Mauryan Empire, Chandragupta, Kautilya and Arthashastra; Ashoka; Concept of Dharma; Edicts; Polity, Administration; Economy; Art, architecture and sculpture; External contacts; Religion; Spread of religion; Literature.Disintegration of the empire; Sungas and Kanvas. Post – Mauryan Period (Indo-Greeks, Sakas, Kushanas, Western Kshatrapas):Contact with outside world; growth of urban centres, economy, coinage, development of religions, Mahayana, social conditions, art, architecture, culture, literature and science. Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India: Kharavela, The Satavahanas, Tamil States of the Sangam Age; Administration, economy, land grants, coinage, trade guilds and urban centres; Buddhist centres; Sangam literature and culture; Art and architecture. Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas: Polity and administration, Economic conditions, Coinage of the Guptas, Land grants, Decline of urban centres, Indian feudalism, Caste system, Position of women, Education and educational institutions; Nalanda, Vikramshila and Vallabhi, Literature, scientific literature, art and architecture. |
| A N C I E N T I N D I A | Regional States during Gupta Era: The Kadambas, Pallavas, Chalukyas of Badami; Polity and Administration, Trade guilds, Literature; growth of Vaishnava and Saiva religions. Tamil Bhakti movement, Shankaracharya; Vedanta; Institutions of temple and temple architecture; Palas, Senas, Rashtrakutas, Paramaras, Polity and administration; Cultural aspects. Arab conquest of Sind; Alberuni, The Chalukyas of Kalyana, Cholas, Hoysalas, Pandyas; Polity and Administration; local Government; Growth of art and architecture, religious sects, Institution of temple and Mathas, Agraharas, education and literature, economy and society. Themes in Early Indian Cultural History: Languages and texts, major stages in the evolution of art and architecture, major philosophical thinkers and schools, ideas in Science and Mathematics. |
| M E D I E V A L
I N D I A |
Early Medieval India, 750-1200: Polity: Major political developments in Northern India and the Peninsula, origin and the rise of Rajputs; The Cholas: administration, village economy and society; “Indian Feudalism”; Agrarian economy and urban settlements; Trade and commerce; Society: the status of the Brahman and the new social order; Condition of women; Indian science and technology |
| M E D I E V A L I N D I A | Cultural Traditions in India, 750-1200: Philosophy: Skankaracharya and Vedanta, Ramanuja and Vishishtadvaita, Madhva and Brahma-Mimansa; Religion: Forms and features of religion, Tamil devotional cult, growth of Bhakti, Islam and its arrival in India, Sufism; Literature: Literature in Sanskrit, growth of Tamil literature, literature in the newly developing languages, Kalhan’s Rajtarangini, Alberuni’s India; Art and Architecture: Temple architecture, sculpture, painting The Thirteenth Century: Establishment of the Delhi Sultanate: The Ghurian invasions – factors behind Ghurian success; Economic, social and cultural consequences; Foundation of Delhi Sultanate and early Turkish Sultans; Consolidation: The rule of Iltutmish and Balban The Fourteenth Century: “The Khalji Revolution”; Alauddin Khalji: Conquests and territorial expansion, agrarian and economic measures; Muhammad Tughluq: Major projects, agrarian measures, bureaucracy of Muhammad Tughluq; Firuz Tughluq: Agrarian measures, achievements in civil engineering and public works, decline of the Sultanate, foreign contacts and Ibn Battuta’s account; Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries: Society: composition of rural society, ruling classes, town dwellers,women, religious classes, caste and slavery under the Sultanate, Bhakti movement, Sufi movement; Culture: Persian literature, literature in the regional languages of North India, literature in the languages of South India, Sultanate architecture and new structural forms, painting, evolution of a composite culture; Economy: Agricultural production, rise of urban economy and non-agricultural production, trade and commerce. |
| M E D I E V A L I N D I A | The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century: Political Developments and Economy: Rise of Provincial Dynasties: Bengal, Kashmir (Zainul Abedin), Gujarat, Malwa, Bahmanids; The Vijayanagra Empire; Lodis; Mughal Empire, First phase: Babur and Humayun; The Sur Empire: Sher Shah’s administration; Portuguese Colonial enterprise; Bhakti and Sufi Movements The Fifteenth and early Sixteenth Century – Society and Culture: Regional cultural specificities; Literary traditions; Provincial architecture; Society, culture, literature and the arts in Vijayanagara Empire. Akbar: Conquests and consolidation of the Empire; Establishment of Jagir and Mansab systems; Rajput policy; Evolution of religious and social outlook, theory of Sulh-i-kul and religious policy; Court patronage of art and technology Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century: Major administrative policies of Jahangir, Shahjahan and Aurangzeb; The Empire and the Zamindars; Religious policies of Jahangir, Shahjahan and Aurangzeb; Nature of the Mughal State; Late Seventeenth century crisis and the revolts; The Ahom Kingdom; Shivaji and the early Maratha Kingdom. Economy and Society in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries: Population, agricultural production, craft production; Towns, commerce with Europe through Dutch, English and French companies : a trade revolution; Indian mercantile classes, banking, insurance and credit systems; Condition of peasants, condition of women; Evolution of the Sikh community and the Khalsa Panth Culture in the Mughal Empire: Persian histories and other literature; Hindi and other religious literature; Mughal architecture; Mughal painting; Provincial architecture and painting; Classical music; Science and technology. |
| M E D I E V A L
I N D I A |
The Eighteenth Century: Factors for the decline of the Mughal Empire; The regional principalities: Nizam’s Deccan, Bengal, Awadh; Maratha ascendancy under the Peshwas; The Maratha fiscal and financial system; Emergence of Afghan Power, Battle of Panipat: 1761; State of politics, culture and economy on the eve of the British conquest |
History Syllabus Paper-II
History Optional
| M O D E R N
I N D I A |
European Penetration into India: The Early European Settlements; The Portuguese and the Dutch; The English and the French East India Companies; Their struggle for supremacy; Carnatic Wars; Bengal -The conflict between the English and the Nawabs of Bengal; Siraj and the English; The Battle of Plassey; Significance of Plassey. British Expansion in India: Bengal – Mir Jafar and Mir Kasim; The Battle of Buxar; Mysore; The Marathas; The three Anglo-Maratha Wars; The Punjab. Early Structure of the British Raj: The early administrative structure; From diarchy to direct control; The Regulating Act (1773); The Pitt’s India Act (1784); The Charter Act (1833); The voice of free trade and the changing character of British colonial rule; The English utilitarian and India. |
| M O D E R N
I N D I A |
Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule: Land revenue settlements in British India; The Permanent Settlement; Ryotwari Settlement; Mahalwari Settlement; Economic impact of the revenue; arrangements; Commercialization of agriculture; Rise of landless agrarian labourers; Impoverishment of the rural society; Dislocation of traditional trade and commerce; De-industrialisation; Decline of traditional crafts; Drain of wealth; Economic transformation of India; Railroad and communication network including telegraph and postal services; Famine and poverty in the rural interior; European business enterprise and its limitations. Social and Cultural Developments: The state of indigenous education, its dislocation; Orientalist – Anglicist controversy, The introduction of western education in India; The rise of press, literature and public opinion; The rise of modern vernacular literature; Progress of science; Christian missionary activities in India. Social and Religious Reform movements in Bengal and Other Areas: Ram Mohan Roy, The Brahmo Movement; Devendranath Tagore; Iswarchandra Vidyasagar; The Young Bengal Movement; Dayanada Saraswati; The social reform movements in India including Sati, widow remarriage, child marriage etc.; The contribution of Indian renaissance to the growth of modern India; Islamic revivalism – the Feraizi and Wahabi Movements. |
| M O D E R N
I N D I A |
Indian Response to British Rule: Peasant movements and tribal uprisings in the 18th and 19th centuries including the Rangpur Dhing (1783), the Kol Rebellion (1832), the Mopla Rebellion in Malabar (1841-1920), the Santal Hul (1855), Indigo Rebellion (1859-60), Deccan Uprising (1875) and the Munda Ulgulan (1899- 1900); The Great Revolt of 1857 – Origin, character, causes of failure, the consequences; The shift in the character of peasant uprisings in the post-1857 period; the peasant movements of the 1920s and 1930s. Factors leading to the birth of Indian Nationalism; Politics of Association; The Foundation of the Indian National Congress; The Safety-valve thesis relating to the birth of the Congress; Programme and objectives of Early Congress; the social composition of early Congress leadership; the Moderates and Extremists; The Partition of Bengal (1905); The Swadeshi Movement in Bengal; the economic and political aspects of Swadeshi Movement; The beginning of revolutionary extremism in India. Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhi’s popular appeal; Rowlatt Satyagraha; the Khilafat Movement; the Non-cooperation Movement; National politics from the end of the Non-cooperation movement to the beginning of the Civil Disobedience movement; the two phases of the Civil Disobedience Movement; Simon Commission; The Nehru Report; the Round Table Conferences; Nationalism and the Peasant Movements; Nationalism and Working class movements; Women and Indian youth and students in Indian politics (1885-1947); the election of 1937 and the formation of ministries; Cripps Mission; the Quit India Movement; the Wavell Plan; The Cabinet Mission. Constitutional Developments in the Colonial India between 1858 and 1935. |
| M O D E R N
I N D I A |
Other strands in the National Movement The Revolutionaries: Bengal, the Punjab, Maharashtra, U.P, the Madras Presidency, Outside India. The Left; The Left within the Congress: Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose, the Congress Socialist Party; the Communist Party of India, other left parties. Politics of Separatism; the Muslim League; the Hindu Mahasabha; Communalism and the politics of partition; Transfer of power; Independence. Consolidation as a Nation; Nehru’s Foreign Policy; India and her neighbours (1947-1964); The linguistic reorganization of States (1935-1947); Regionalism and regional inequality; Integration of Princely States; Princes in electoral politics; the Question of National Language. Caste and Ethnicity after 1947; Backward castes and tribes in postcolonial electoral politics; Dalit movements. Economic development and political change; Land reforms; the politics of planning and rural reconstruction; Ecology and environmental policy in post-colonial India; Progress of science. |
| MODERN HISTORY OF
W O R L D |
Enlightenment and Modern ideas: Major ideas of Enlightenment: Kant, Rousseau; Spread of Enlightenment in the colonies; Rise of socialist ideas (up to Marx); spread of Marxian Socialism Origins of Modern Politics: European States System; American Revolution and the Constitution; French revolution and aftermath, 1789- 1815; American Civil War with reference to Abraham Lincoln and the abolition of slavery; British Democratic Politics, 1815- 1850; Parliamentary Reformers, Free Traders, Chartists. |
| M O D E R N H I S T O R Y OF W O R L D | Industrialization: English Industrial Revolution: Causes and Impact on Society; Industrialization in other countries: USA, Germany, Russia, Japan; Industrialization and Globalization. Nation-State System: Rise of Nationalism in 19th century; Nationalism: state-building in Germany and Italy; Disintegration of Empires in the face of the emergence of nationalities across the world. Imperialism and Colonialism: South and South-East Asia; Latin America and South Africa; Australia; Imperialism and free trade: Rise of neo-imperialism. Revolution and Counter-Revolution: 19th Century European revolutions, The Russian Revolution of 1917- 1921, Fascist Counter-Revolution, Italy and Germany; The Chinese Revolution of 1949. World Wars: 1st and 2nd World Wars as Total Wars: Societal implications; World War I: Causes and consequences; World War II: Causes and consequence The World after World War II: Emergence of two power blocs; Emergence of Third World and non-alignment; UNO and the global disputes. |
UPSC CSE Interview
- The UPSC IAS interview is the final stage of the selection process.
- Candidates who qualify for the IAS Mains Cutoff receive a call letter inviting them to the IAS interview process.
- The interview is performed to evaluate the candidate’s capacity to think constructively.
- The IAS Interview panel evaluates applicants based on their ability to tackle societal problems using innovative ideas.
- As a result, the UPSC has no mandated IAS Interview syllabus.
- Candidates must read everything that is going on around them in terms of the economy, society, policymaking, and international relations in order to do well in the interview.
- Aspirants must have a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter they studied in college.
- Candidates must also have a good knowledge of their hobbies and interests.
Qualities which will be judged by the panel in the IAS interview round:
- Reasoning and Logical Arguments
- Understanding of issues affecting people and society as a whole.
- The integrity of moral character
- Leadership Characteristics
- Capability to make decisions
- Ability to make judgments
Our Coaching Features
1. Experienced Faculty
- Expert Instructors
- Subject Specialists:
2. Comprehensive Study Material
- Updated Content
- Books and Notes: Access to high-quality books, notes, and other reference materials.
3. Structured Curriculum
- Syllabus Coverage: Complete coverage of the IAS syllabus in a structured manner.
- Timetable: A well-planned timetable to cover all topics systematically.
4. Mock Tests and Practice Papers
- Regular Tests: Frequent mock tests to evaluate progress and understanding.
- Previous Year Papers: Access to past years’ question papers for practice.
- Feedback and Analysis: Detailed analysis and feedback on performance to identify strengths and weaknesses.
5. Interactive Learning
- Doubt Clearing Sessions: Regular sessions dedicated to resolving students’ doubts.
- Interactive Classes: Engaging and interactive teaching methods to keep students involved.
6. Interview Guidance
- Mock Interviews: Simulated interviews to prepare candidates for the actual IAS interview process.
- Personality Development: Focus on developing communication skills, body language, and confidence.
7. Online and Offline Options
- Flexibility: Availability of both online and offline coaching options to cater to different needs and preferences.
- Recorded Lectures: Access to recorded lectures for revision and students who miss live classes.
8. Current Affairs Updates
- Daily News Analysis: Regular updates on current affairs and news relevant to the IAS exam.
- Monthly Magazines: Subscription to monthly current affairs magazines and journals.
9. Small Batch Sizes
- Individual Attention: Smaller batch sizes to ensure personalized attention and better interaction between students and faculty.
10. Success Track Record
- Results: A proven track record of successful candidates who have cleared the IAS exam.
- Alumni Network: Strong network of alumni who can provide guidance and mentorship.
11. Additional Resources
- Library Access: Well-stocked library with a wide range of books and journals.
- Online Portals: Access to online resources, portals, and forums for additional study material and peer interaction.
12. Counseling and Support
- Mentorship Programs: Guidance and mentorship programs to support students throughout their preparation journey.
- Stress Management: Sessions on managing stress and maintaining mental health during preparation.
MUST WATCH VIDEOS FOR UPSC CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION
*How to Become an IAS*
*10 Must-Read Books for UPSC IAS Aspirants*
*How To Choose Optional Subject for UPSC IAS Exam?*
*How to Read Previous Year Question Papers*
*How to Choose Medium in Civil Services Exam*
*How to read NCERT for UPSC IAS*
*🚀Nalanda IAS Academy*
𝗖𝗮𝗹𝗹/𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁𝘀𝗔𝗽𝗽- 📞𝟵𝟴𝟵𝟭𝟵𝟭𝟳𝟴𝟴𝟴, 📞𝟵𝟯𝟭𝟴𝟰𝟳𝟲𝟭𝟱𝟯
*Please share with your friends, family, colleagues, and neighbours who are preparing for the UPSC IAS examination.*
