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Combined Defence Services

What is CDS Examination?

The Combined Defence Services examination, also known as the CDS examination, is conducted by UPSC for students who are willing to join the Indian Military Academy, Indian Air Force Academy, Indian Naval Academy, and Officers’ Training Academy. The exam is conducted for students who are either graduated or in the final year/semester of their graduation. The CDS exam is conducted twice a year in April and September.

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CDS Examination

Particulars Details
Name of the Exam Combined Defence Services Examination (CDSE)
Conducting Authority Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) 
Frequency of the Exam Twice a year
Mode of the Exam Offline
Duration of the Exam 6 Hours (For IMA, INA & AFA) & 4 Hours (For OTA)
Medium of Language English and Hindi

Exam Pattern-IMA, INA, & AFA

Subject Duration No. of Questions Maximum Marks
English 2 hrs 120 100
General Knowledge 2 hrs 120 100
Elementary Mathematics 2 hrs 100 100

Exam Pattern-OTA

Subject Duration No. of Questions Maximum Marks
English 2 hrs 120 100
General Knowledge 2 hrs 120 100

SSB Interview

The CDS SSB interview process is divided into two stages: I and II. Only applicants who pass stage I are eligible to move on to stage II. The interview process takes about five to six days, with Stage I taking up the first day.

CDS 1 Exam Tentative Dates

Particulars Details
Application Form Starts December
Application Form Ends January
Admit Card April
CDS 1 Exam Date April
CDS 1 Result date May

CDS 2 Exam Tentative Dates

Particulars Details
Application Form Starts May
Application Form Ends June
Admit Card August
Exam Date September
Result  October

CDS Eligibility Criteria: Nationality

A candidate must either be a:

(i) Citizen of India

(ii) a Subject of Nepal

(iii) a person of Indian origin who has moved to India from Pakistan, Burma, Sri Lanka, and the East African countries of Kenya, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zaire, and Ethiopia, or Vietnam with the intention of permanently settling in India

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Educational Qualification

Academies Educational Qualification
Indian Air Force Academy Candidates must have a degree from a recognized University (with Physics and Mathematics at 10+2 level) or Bachelor of Engineering. 
Indian Military Academy & Officers’ Training Academy Candidates must have a degree or equivalent from a recognized university
Indian Naval Academy Candidates must have an engineering degree from a recognized university or institute.

Age Limit

According to the CDS Eligibility Criteria, only unmarried individuals aged between 19 and 25 can take the CDS examination.

Height & Weight Standards

  • Male candidates for entry into the Armed Forces must be at least 157 cm tall, or as determined by the respective recruiting agency. Gorkhas and candidates from the hills of India’s north-eastern region, Garhwal, and Kumaon, with a minimum height of 152 cm, will be accepted.
  • Female candidates for entry into the Armed Forces must be at least 152 cm tall. Gorkhas and candidates from the hills of India’s north-eastern region, Garhwal, and Kumaon will be accepted with a minimum height of 148 cm.

Visual Standards

  • Candidates wishing to join the Indian Armed Forces must not have any kind of defection in their eyes. The visual standard for NDA/NA entry are as follows:
Note:
  • Candidates who have undergone any type of Refractive Surgery (PRK/LASIK/SMILE) are eligible for all branches.
  • Kerato Refractive Surgery is not permitted for special forces personnel such as submarines, divers, and MARCO.
  • Candidates who have undergone Radial Keratotomy are ineligible for recruitment.

Eligibility for Female

  • Female candidates can apply only for the Officers’ Training Academy (Non-Technical). Women candidates wishing to join in any of the three wings of the Indian Armed Forces must fulfil the eligibility criteria as required by the authorities.
  • Female candidates for entry into the Armed Forces must be at least 152 cm tall. Gorkhas and candidates from the hills of India’s north-eastern region, Garhwal, and Kumaon will be accepted with a minimum height of 148 cm.

Marital Status

Academy Marital Status
Indian Military Academy Unmarried male candidates
Air Force Academy Male candidates must be unmarried if they are under 25 years of age. Candidates over 25 years of age are also eligible, but they cannot live outside the premises with their families. Candidates are not allowed to marry during the training period.
Naval Force Academy Unmarried male candidates
Officers Training Academy (SSC for Men) Unmarried male candidates
Officers Training Academy (SSC for Women) Unmarried women Issueless widows who have not remarried Non-remarried divorcees with divorce documents

CDS Exam Centre

The CDS examination is conducted across multiple exam centres in India. Candidates will be able to check the list of CDS exam centres on the official notification. Candidates will have the opportunity to indicate their preferred exam centre on the application form.

CDS Exam Pattern

Candidates must have knowledge of the CDS exam pattern if they are seeking admission to Indian Military Academy, Indian Naval Academy, Indian Air Force Academy, and Officers’ Training Academy. The exam pattern for the CDS exam is tabulated below:

Particulars Details
Exam Name Central Defence Services (CDS)
Exam Duration IMA, INA and AFA – 6 hours OTA – 4 Hours
Exam Mode Offline
Type of Questions Objective
Maximum Marks IMA, INA and AFA – 300 OTA – 200
Language Both Hindi & English 

CDS Marking Scheme

Particulars Details
English Language  For every correct answer, 0.83 marks will be awarded.  For every incorrect answer, 0.27 marks will be deducted.
General Knowledge For every correct answer, 0.83 marks will be awarded.  For every incorrect answer, 0.27 marks will be deducted.
Particulars Details
Elementary Mathematics For every correct answer, 1 mark will be awarded. For every incorrect answer, 0.33 marks will be deducted.
SSB Interview Marks For IMA, INA, and AFA, the CDS SSB interview carries 300 marks, and for OTA, 200 marks.

CDS Exam Syllabus

Subjects Topics
Mathematics Arithmetic, Algebra, Trigonometry, Geometry, Mensuration, Statistics
English Language Reading Comprehension, Sentence Improvement, Jumbled Sentence, Vocabulary (Synonym/Antonym), Fill in the blanks, Spot the Error
General Knowledge Indian Polity, Indian History, Economics, General Science, Current Affairs

CDS Syllabus for Mathematics

Topics Sub-Topics
Arith-metic Number System—Natural numbers, Integers, Rational and Real numbers.    Fundamental operations, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, Square roots, Decimal fractions. Unitary method, time and distance, time and work, percentages, applications to simple and compound interest, profit and loss, ratio and proportion, variation.      Elementary Number Theory—Division algorithm. Prime and composite numbers.     Tests of divisibility by 2, 3, 4, 5, 9 and 11.  Multiples and factors.     Factorisation        Theorem. H.C.F. and L.C.M. Euclidean algorithm.        Logarithms to base 10, laws of logarithms, use of logarithmic tables. 
 
Topics Sub-Topics
Algebra Basic Operations, simple factors, Remainder Theorem, H.C.F., L.C.M., Theory of polynomials, solutions of quadratic equations, the relation between its roots and coefficients (Only real roots to be considered). Simultaneous linear equations in two unknowns—analytical and graphical solutions. Simultaneous linear inequalities in two variables and their solutions. Practical problems leading to two simultaneous linear equations or inequalities in two variables or quadratic equations in one variable & their solutions. Set language and set notation, Rational expressions and conditional identities, and Laws of indices.
 
Topics Sub-Topics
Trigono-metry Sine ×, cosine ×, Tangent × when 0° < × < 90° Values of sin ×, cos × and tan ×, for × = 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° Simple trigonometric identities. Use of trigonometric tables. Simple cases of heights and distances.
 
Topics Sub-Topics
Geometry Lines and angles, Plane and plane figures Theorems on (i) Properties of angles at a point, (ii) Parallel lines, (iii) Sides and angles of a triangle, (iv) Congruency of triangles, (v) Similar triangles, (vi) Concurrence of medians and altitudes, (vii) Properties of angles, sides and diagonals of a parallelogram, rectangle and square, (viii) Circles and its properties including tangents and normals, (ix) Loci.
 
Topics Sub-Topics
Mensu-ration Areas of squares, rectangles, parallelograms, triangles and circles. Areas of figures which can be split up into these figures (Field Book). Surface area and volume of cuboids, lateral surface and volume of right circular cones and cylinders, surface area and volume of spheres.
 
Topics Sub-Topics
Statistics Collection and tabulation of statistical data Graphical representation frequency polygons, histograms, bar charts, pie charts etc. Measures of central tendency.

CDS Syllabus for English

The English Language paper is common for both candidates who are applying for IMA, INA, AFA & OTA. The paper assesses the candidates for their grammatical and comprehension skills in the English language. It also tests the candidates’ workmanlike use of the English language.

Candidates must be aware of the CDS English syllabus to strategize their preparation for the exam accordingly. Topics that are covered in the syllabus are as follows:

  • Reading Comprehension
  • Sentence Improvement
  • Jumbled Sentence
  • Vocabulary (Synonym/Antonym)
  • Fill in the blanks
  • Spot the Error

CDS Syllabus for General Knowledge

The General Knowledge paper is a common paper for all candidates, regardless of the academy to which they are applying. The paper assesses candidates’ knowledge of current events in the country and around the world. It also assesses candidates’ understanding of Indian history, geography, and general science.

Topic Sub-Topics
Current Affairs Major National & International News Sports News Awards & Recognition Defence News
Indian Polity Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha Powers of the President and Prime Minister Constitutional Bodies Indian judiciary
Indian History Indian Ancient History Indian Medieval History Indian Modern History
Economics Budget 1991 Economic Reforms NITI Aayog Reports Latest Facts & Figures on RBI & PSU Banks Repo Rate, Reverse Repo Rate, SLR
General Science Physics: Optics, Motion, Force, Units, Heat, Electricity, Temperature, etc. Chemistry: Organic, inorganic, physical and general chemistry. Biology: Topics of important diseases, botany, zoology as well as human biology.

Details About SSB Interview

The CDS SSB interview process is divided into two stages: I and II. Only applicants who pass stage I are eligible to move on to stage II. The interview process takes about five to six days, with Stage I taking up the first day.

Day I – Screening Test (Stage I)
  • Candidates will be subpoenaed the following day for the Stage I round, which is the Screening Test after they have reported to the SSB Interview Centre.
  • On the day of the screening, candidates will take the Officer Intelligence Rating (OIR) Test, which includes verbal and nonverbal tests.
  • After the OIR test, candidates will take the Picture Perception & Description Test (PP&DT).
Day II – Psychology Test
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
  • The Picture Story Writing Test is another name for the Thematic Apperception Test.
  • The participants are shown clear images that they must view for 30 seconds before writing a four-minute description of.
  • There are 12 slides displayed in total, 11 of which will be shown one after the other.
  • The twelfth slide will be an empty slide on which a candidate can write any storyline.
Word Association Test (WAT)
  • The WAT is the second psychological test administered as part of the SSB selection process.
  • Participants in this test are shown a word on a screen for 15 seconds.
  • During this time, candidates must write the first thing that comes to mind after seeing/reading that word.
  • 60 words will be displayed one after the other, with a 15-second interval between each word.
  • This exam will not assess a candidate’s command of the English language; the words displayed will be common-use vocabulary.
Situation Reaction Test (SRT)
  • Candidates will be given 60 instances one by one on a piece of paper and asked to write their responses in a subjective format.
  • The time limit for this is one hour, so applicants must think carefully before writing their response.
Self Description Test (SD)
  • In the Self Description Test, candidates will be asked to write about themselves from the perspectives of their parents, teachers, friends, and themselves.
  • Candidates are also asked to write about who they want to be and how they would like to improve themselves.
Day III & Day IV: Group Testing Officer Test
On Day 3 & Day 4, the Group Testing Officer conducts the following tests:
  • Group discussion (GD)
  • Group Planning Exercise/Military Planning Exercise (GPE/MPE)
  • Progressive Group Tasks (PGT)
  • Half Group Tasks (HGT)
  • Individual Obstacles (IOT)
  • Group Obstacles Race/Snake Race
  • Command Task
  • Lecturette
  • Final Group Task (FGT)
Day V: Conference

Day 5 is the conference day, which concludes the SSB Interview round. Assessors and candidates meet on this day for a lengthy discussion to determine whether the candidate is qualified to join the Combined Defence Services.

Choose your program

OFFLINE COURSES
Subject Duration Fee
CDS Crash Course 3 Months 25,000/-
CDS Full Course 1 Year 70,000/-
CDS Course 6 Months 45,000/-
     
MENTORSHIP PROGRAM
CDS mentorship program 8-10 Months 20,000/-

 

OFFLINE TEST SERIES
Subject Duration Fee
CDS 15 Tests 3-4 Months 5,000/-
CDS 30 Tests 6 Months 8,000/-
CDS 50+ Tests 1 Year 10,000/-

 

ONLINE  COURSES
Subject Duration Fee
CDS Crash Course 3 Months 15,000/-
CDS Full Course 1 Year 35,000/-
CDS Course 6 Months 20,000/-
     
MENTORSHIP PROGRAM
CDS mentorship program 8-10 Months 15,000/-

 

 ONLINE TEST SERIES
Subject Duration Fee
CDS 15 Tests 3-4 Months 2,500/-
CDS 30 Tests 6 Months 4,000/-
CDS 50+ Tests 1 Year 6,000/-

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Join  Upcoming CDS Batch. Classes Available Both Online and Offline. Classes Available both Medium English and Hindi.

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CDS Coaching 

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Nalanda Learning Centre  is one of the Best CDS Coaching in Delhi. Nalanda  Provides Best Course Contents for CDS Examination. Combined Defence Services Exam Syllabus is divided into two categories, namely Written (MCQs) Examination and SSB Interview.    

The Combined Defence Services Examination is conducted by the Union Public Service Commission for recruitment of Commissioned Officers in the Indian Military Academy, Officers Training Academy, Indian Naval Academy and Indian Air Force Academy.

Nalanda provides classroom and online Coaching for CDS Exam. In Nalanda Academy, you can enroll in CDS Full Exam Coaching, CDS Crash Courses ,CDS Exam, IAS Coaching, Civil Services Coaching,  BPSC Interview Coaching, BPSC Prelims Test Series, BPSC Mains Test Series, and Current affairs Special Classes. Nalanda IAS also Provides Weekend Classes for working students. Nalanda IAS Provides Special Classes for Current Affiars. Current Affairs play a significant role in State PCS Exam, UPSC IAS Exam, SSC Exam, Bank PO Exam, Railway Exam, and other exam preparation as the dynamic questions appear in all stages of the examination. The Questions may be directly or even indirectly linked to the static part of the BPSC syllabus.

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